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As any American who has traveled in another country knows, the American home contains more, and more elaborate, plumbing than any other on the planet. Indeed, Americans are renowned for their obsession with cleanliness. Even though plumbing has occupied a central position in American life since the mid-nineteenth century, little scholarly attention has been paid to its history. Now, in The entire Modern Conveniences, Maureen Ogle presents a fascinating study that explores the development of household plumbing in nineteenth-century The united states. Until 1840, indoor plumbing could be found only in mansions and first-class hotels. Then, in the decade before midcentury, Americans representing a much wider range of economic circumstances began to install household plumbing with increasing eagerness. Ogle draws on a wide assortment of recent sources―sanitation reports, builders’ manuals, fixture catalogues, patent applications, and popular scientific tracts―to show how the demand for plumbing was once prompted more by an emerging middle-class culture of convenience, reform, and domestic life than by fears about poor hygiene and inadequate sanitation. She also examines advancements in water-supply and waste-management technology, the architectural considerations these amenities entailed, and the scientific approach to sanitation that began to emerge by century’s end.
